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Numerical investigation of the ultimate lateral resistance of piles in soft clay

Konstantinos P. TZIVAKOS,Michael J. KAVVADAS

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 2,   Pages 194-200 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0251-0

Abstract: curves proposed in literature for soft clays are imported into a beam-on-nonlinear-Winkler-foundation

Keywords： y curves     finite element method (FEM)    

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Development of realistic design fire time-temperature curves for the testing of cold-formed steel wall

Anthony Deloge ARIYANAYAGAM,Mahen MAHENDRAN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 4,   Pages 427-447 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0279-1

Abstract: This paper presents the details of a research study aimed at developing realistic design fire curvesincludes a review of the characteristics of building fires, previously developed fire time-temperature curvesThe paper highlights that real building fire time-temperature curves depend on the fuel load representingFinally, realistic design fire time-temperature curves simulating the fire conditions in modern residential

Keywords： fire safety     standard fire curve     realistic design fire time-temperature curves     light gauge steel frame    

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Erratum to: Meter-scale variation within a single transect demands attention to taxon accumulation curves

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1560-5

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Meter-scale variation within a single transect demands attention to taxon accumulation curves in riverine

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 5, doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1543-6

Abstract:

● Riverine microbiomes exhibited hyperlocal variation within a single transect.

Keywords： Microbiome     Freshwater     Taxon accumulation curve     Community assembly    

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Phosphorous removal from wastewater by lanthanum modified Y zeolites

Weikang ZHANG, Ye TIAN

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 209-215 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1448-4

Abstract: The adsorption capacities of Y zeolite and La (III)-modified Y zeolite were studied.A series of La(III)-modified Y zeolites with different La/Y zeolite mass ratios were characterized byThe capacity of the La (III)-modified Y zeolite to remove phosphate increased as the La/Y zeolite massratio increased and after 4 h, a phosphate removal efficiency of 95% was achieved for a La/Y zeolite

Keywords： phosphate removal     wastewater     lanthanum     impregnation     Y zeolites    

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Damage-constitutive model for seawater coral concrete using different stirrup confinements subjected to axial loading

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 3,   Pages 429-447 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0913-2

Abstract: Subsequently, the stress−strain curves of specimens subjected to axial loading were measured., and the proposed damage-constitutive model had a good correlation with the measured stress−strain curves

Keywords： coral aggregate concrete     stress−strain curves     lateral effective stress     peak stress     axial−lateralcurves     damage-constitutive model.    

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Seismic fragility curves for structures using non-parametric representations

Chu MAI, Katerina KONAKLI, Bruno SUDRET

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 169-186 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0385-y

Abstract: Fragility curves are commonly used in civil engineering to assess the vulnerability of structures toThe classical approach relies on assuming a lognormal shape of the fragility curves; it is thus parametricAs an illustration, we compute the fragility curves for a three-storey steel frame using a large numberThe curves obtained with the non-parametric approaches are compared with respective curves based on theIt is found that the accuracy of the lognormal curves depends on the ground motion intensity measure,

Keywords： earthquake engineering     fragility curves     lognormal assumption     non-parametric approach     kernel density estimation    

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Anion-exchange membrane direct ethanol fuel cells: Status and perspective

Zhao, Y.S. Li, S.Y. Shen

Frontiers in Energy 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 443-458 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0127-5

Abstract: Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) are a promising carbon-neutral and sustainable power source for portable, mobile, and stationary applications. However, conventional DEFCs that use acid proton-exchange membranes (typically Nafion type) and platinum-based catalysts exhibit low performance (i.e., the state-of-the-art peak power density is 79.5 mW/cm at 90°C). Anion-exchange membrane (AEM) DEFCs that use low-cost AEM and non-platinum catalysts have recently been demonstrated to yield a much better performance (i.e., the state-of-the-art peak power density is 160 mW/cm at 80°C). This paper provides a comprehensive review of past research on the development of AEM DEFCs, including the aspects of catalysts, AEMs, and single-cell design and performance. Current and future research challenges are identified along with potential strategies to overcome them.

Keywords： fuel cell     direct ethanol fuel cells     anion-exchange membrane     ethanol oxidation reaction     oxygen reduction reaction     cell performance    

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A pre-compensation method of the systematic contouring error for repetitive command paths

ZHANG,Y. H. CHEN,Y. P. CHEN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2015, Volume 10, Issue 4,   Pages 367-372 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0367-5

Abstract:

For a repetitive command path, pre-compensating the contouring error by modifying the command path is practical. To obtain the pre-compensation value with better accuracy, this paper proposes the use of a back propagation neural network to extract the function of systematic contouring errors. Furthermore, by using the extracted function, the contouring error can be easily pre-compensated. The experiment results verify that the proposed compensation method can effectively reduce contouring errors.

Keywords： contouring error     pre-compensation     motion control system     back propagation (BP) neural network    

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Research on the valveless piezoelectric pump with Y-shape pipes

ZHANG Jianhui, LU Jizhuang, XIA Qixiao

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2007, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 144-151 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0024-8

Abstract: A piezoelectric pump with its Y-shape elements is presented.Two Y-shape pipes are fixed outside the chamber serving as an inlet and outlet, with the chamber andEddies occurring in the Y-shape elements are smaller, which is beneficial for the transport of living

Keywords： chamber serving     beneficial     working frequency     long-link     correction    

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Cracking evolution behaviors of lightweight materials based on

Y. Luo, S. C. Wu, Y. N. Hu, Y. N. Fu

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2018, Volume 13, Issue 4,   Pages 461-481 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0481-2

Abstract:

Damage accumulation and failure behaviors are crucial concerns during the design and service of a critical component, leading researchers and engineers to thoroughly identifying the crack evolution. Third-generation synchrotron radiation X-ray computed microtomography can be used to detect the inner damage evolution of a large-density material or component. This paper provides a brief review of studying the crack initiation and propagation inside lightweight materials with advanced synchrotron three-dimensional (3D) X-ray imaging, such as aluminum materials. Various damage modes under both static and dynamic loading are elucidated for pure aluminum, aluminum alloy matrix, aluminum alloy metal matrix composite, and aluminum alloy welded joint. For aluminum alloy matrix, metallurgical defects (porosity, void, inclusion, precipitate, etc.) or artificial defects (notch, scratch, pit, etc.) strongly affect the crack initiation and propagation. For aluminum alloy metal matrix composites, the fracture occurs either from the particle debonding or voids at the particle/matrix interface, and the void evolution is closely related with fatigued cycles. For the hybrid laser welded aluminum alloy, fatigue cracks usually initiate from gas pores located at the surface or sub-surface and gradually propagate to a quarter ellipse or a typical semi-ellipse profile.

Keywords： fatigue crack initiation and growth     fatigue damage mechanism     damage tolerance     defect characterization     laser welded aluminum alloys    

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Biodiesel production from waste frying oil in sub- and supercritical methanol on a zeolite Y solid acid

Jorge MEDINA-VALTIERRA, Jorge RAMIREZ-ORTIZ

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 401-407 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1354-1

Abstract: In this study biodiesel was produced from WFO in sub- and super-critical methanol on a zeolite Y solidThe transesterification of WFO with methanol around its critical temperature combined with a zeolite Y

Keywords： biodiesel     methanol     critical temperature     waste frying oil     zeolite Y    

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Design and analysis of Salisbury screens and Jaumann absorbers for solar radiation absorption

Y. ZHAO, Hua BAO

Frontiers in Energy 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1,   Pages 158-168 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0542-6

Abstract: Two types of resonance absorbers, i.e., Salisbury screens and Jaumann absorbers are systematically investigated in solar radiation absorption. Salisbury screen is a metal-dielectric-metal structure which overcomes the drawback of bulky thickness for solar spectrum. Such structures have a good spectral selective absorption property, which is also insensitive to incident angles and polarizations. To further broaden absorption bandwidth, more metal and dielectric films are taken in the structure to form Jaumann absorbers. To design optimized structural parameters, the admittance matching equations have been derived in this paper to give good initial structures, which are valuable for the following optimization. Moreover, the analysis of admittance loci has been conducted to directly show the effect of each layer on the spectral absorptivity, and then the effect of thin films is well understood. Since the fabrication of these layered absorbers is much easier than that of other nanostructured absorbers, Salisbury screen and Jaumann absorbers have a great potential in large-area applications.

Keywords： thin films     admittance loci     solar absorber    

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Design concepts of an aircraft wing: composite and morphing airfoil with auxetic structures

P R BUDARAPU,Sudhir Sastry Y B,R NATARAJAN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 4,   Pages 394-408 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0352-z

Abstract: This paper is categorized into two parts. (1) A frame work to design the aircraft wing structure and (2) analysis of a morphing airfoil with auxetic structure. The developed design frame work in the first part is used to arrive at the sizes of the various components of an aircraft wing structure. The strength based design is adopted, where the design loads are extracted from the aerodynamic loads. The aerodynamic loads acting on a wing structure are converted to equivalent distributed loads, which are further converted point loads to arrive at the shear forces, bending and twisting moments along the wing span. Based on the estimated shear forces, bending and twisting moments, the strength based design is employed to estimate the sizes of various sections of a composite wing structure. A three dimensional numerical model of the composite wing structure has been developed and analyzed for the extreme load conditions. Glass fiber reinforced plastic material is used in the numerical analysis. The estimated natural frequencies are observed to be in the acceptable limits. Furthermore, the discussed design principles in the first part are extended to the design of a morphing airfoil with auxetic structure. The advantages of the morphing airfoil with auxetic structure are (i) larger displacement with limited straining of the components and (ii) unique deformation characteristics, which produce a theoretical in-plane Poisson’s ratio of −1. Aluminum Alloy AL6061-T651 is considered in the design of all the structural elements. The compliance characteristics of the airfoil are investigated through a numerical model. The numerical results are observed to be in close agreement with the experimental results in the literature.

Keywords： wing design     aerodynamic loads     morphing airfoil     auxetic structures     negative Poisson’s ratio    

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Surface hydrophobicity: effect of alkyl chain length and network homogeneity

Ramli, Jerry Y. Y. Heng

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 1,   Pages 90-98 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-2003-0

Abstract: Understanding the nature of hydrophobicity has fundamental importance in environmental applications. Using spherical silica nanoparticles (diameter= 369€±€7 nm) as the model material, the current study investigates the relationship between the alkyl chain network and hydrophobicity. Two alkyl silanes with different chain length (triethoxymethylsilane (C1) vs. trimethoxy(octyl)silane (C8)) were utilised separately for the functionalisation of the nanoparticles. Water contact angle and inverse gas chromatography results show that the alkyl chain length is essential for controlling hydrophobicity, as the octyl-functionalised nanoparticles were highly hydrophobic (water contact angle= 150.6°€±€6.6°), whereas the methyl-functionalised nanoparticles were hydrophilic (i.e., water contact angle= 0°, similar to the pristine nanoparticles). The homogeneity of the octyl-chain network also has a significant effect on hydrophobicity, as the water contact angle was reduced significantly from 148.4°€±€3.5° to 30.5°€±€1.0° with a methyl-/octyl-silane mixture (ratio= 160:40 µL·g nanoparticles).

Keywords： hydrophobicity     surface energy     wettability     alkyl chain network     silica nanoparticle    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Numerical investigation of the ultimate lateral resistance of piles in soft clay

Konstantinos P. TZIVAKOS,Michael J. KAVVADAS

Journal Article

Development of realistic design fire time-temperature curves for the testing of cold-formed steel wall

Anthony Deloge ARIYANAYAGAM,Mahen MAHENDRAN

Journal Article

Erratum to: Meter-scale variation within a single transect demands attention to taxon accumulation curves

Journal Article

Meter-scale variation within a single transect demands attention to taxon accumulation curves in riverine

Journal Article

Phosphorous removal from wastewater by lanthanum modified Y zeolites

Weikang ZHANG, Ye TIAN

Journal Article

Damage-constitutive model for seawater coral concrete using different stirrup confinements subjected to axial loading

Journal Article

Seismic fragility curves for structures using non-parametric representations

Chu MAI, Katerina KONAKLI, Bruno SUDRET

Journal Article

Anion-exchange membrane direct ethanol fuel cells: Status and perspective

Zhao, Y.S. Li, S.Y. Shen

Journal Article

A pre-compensation method of the systematic contouring error for repetitive command paths

ZHANG,Y. H. CHEN,Y. P. CHEN

Journal Article

Research on the valveless piezoelectric pump with Y-shape pipes

ZHANG Jianhui, LU Jizhuang, XIA Qixiao

Journal Article

Cracking evolution behaviors of lightweight materials based on

Y. Luo, S. C. Wu, Y. N. Hu, Y. N. Fu

Journal Article

Biodiesel production from waste frying oil in sub- and supercritical methanol on a zeolite Y solid acid

Jorge MEDINA-VALTIERRA, Jorge RAMIREZ-ORTIZ

Journal Article

Design and analysis of Salisbury screens and Jaumann absorbers for solar radiation absorption

Y. ZHAO, Hua BAO

Journal Article

Design concepts of an aircraft wing: composite and morphing airfoil with auxetic structures

P R BUDARAPU,Sudhir Sastry Y B,R NATARAJAN

Journal Article

Surface hydrophobicity: effect of alkyl chain length and network homogeneity

Ramli, Jerry Y. Y. Heng

Journal Article